Brief discussion on the fermentation process of fermentation tank

The basic principles of fermentation technology involve the integration of traditional fermentation methods with modern biotechnologies like DNA recombination and cell fusion. This combination allows for the industrial-scale production of valuable substances, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry, where genetically engineered drugs are produced. High-density fermentation techniques have significantly improved product yields by increasing bacterial density, reducing production costs, and shortening production cycles.

Fermentation equipment must support the growth of engineering bacteria by providing optimal physical conditions (such as temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen) and chemical environments (nutrient concentrations and the limitation of harmful substances). The process typically involves batch, fed-batch, or controlled fermentation methods.

Key steps in the fermentation process include:

1. **Preparation of Reagents**:

- **Seed Solution**: A mixture of tryptone, yeast extract, glycerol, and NaCl.

- **Fermentation Broth**: Includes tryptone, yeast extract, glycerol, and MgSO₄.

- **Feed**: A solution of tryptone, yeast extract, glycerol, and MgSO₄.

- **Salt Solution**: Contains KH₂PO₄, K₂HPO₄, Na₂HPO₄, (NH₄)₂SO₄, and NH₄Cl.

2. **Fermentation Procedure**:

- Disinfect all equipment and reagents.

- Screen and prepare the fermentation bacteria (e.g., oleaginous bacteria) by cultivating them in a seed solution.

- Adjust the fermenter parameters (dissolved oxygen ≥30%, temperature 37°C, pH 7.0) and maintain a constant pH using ammonia.

- Induce target protein expression when the fermentation density reaches the desired range.

- Collect the cells and clean the fermenter after the process.

This process ensures the efficient production of fermentation products while maintaining optimal conditions for bacterial growth and metabolism.